Vuex 和 Vue-router 进阶
Vuex 原理解析
TIP
查看 vuex 源码
Vuex 的原理关键:使用 Vue 实例管理状态
<!------------------------------------------------------------
文件名: ch5-1.html
章节名: vuex 原理解析
开发平台: VSCode 1.39.1
Vue 实战小慕读书中后台 By Sam
------------------------------------------------------------->
<html>
<head>
<title>vuex 原理解析</title>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">{{data}}</div>
<div id="root2">{{data2}}</div>
<div id="root3">
<button @click="change">change</button>
</div>
<script>
function registerPlugin(Vue) {
const vuex = {}
vuex._vm = new Vue({
data: {
message: 'hello vue.js'
}
})
vuex.state = vuex._vm
vuex.mutations = {
setMessage(value) {
vuex.state.message = value
}
}
function init() {
this.$store = vuex
}
Vue.mixin({
beforeCreate: init
})
}
Vue.use(registerPlugin)
new Vue({
el: '#root',
computed: {
data() {
return this.$store.state.message
}
}
})
new Vue({
el: '#root2',
computed: {
data2() {
return this.$store.state.message
}
}
})
new Vue({
el: '#root3',
methods: {
change() {
const newValue = this.$store.state.message + '.'
this.$store.mutations.setMessage(newValue)
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
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vue-router 实现原理
TIP
查看 vue-router 源码
vue-router 实例化时会初始化 this.history,不同 mode 对应不同的 history
constructor (options: RouterOptions = {}) {
this.mode = mode
switch (mode) {
case 'history':
this.history = new HTML5History(this, options.base)
break
case 'hash':
this.history = new HashHistory(this, options.base, this.fallback)
break
case 'abstract':
this.history = new AbstractHistory(this, options.base)
break
default:
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
assert(false, `invalid mode: ${mode}`)
}
}
}
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这里以 HashHistory 为例,vue-router 的 push 方法实现如下:
push (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
// $flow-disable-line
if (!onComplete && !onAbort && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
this.history.push(location, resolve, reject)
})
} else {
this.history.push(location, onComplete, onAbort)
}
}
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HashHistory 具体实现了 push 方法:
function pushHash (path) {
if (supportsPushState) {
pushState(getUrl(path))
} else {
window.location.hash = path
}
}
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对路由的监听通过 hash 相应的事件监听实现:
window.addEventListener(
supportsPushState ? 'popstate' : 'hashchange',
() => {
const current = this.current
if (!ensureSlash()) {
return
}
this.transitionTo(getHash(), route => {
if (supportsScroll) {
handleScroll(this.router, route, current, true)
}
if (!supportsPushState) {
replaceHash(route.fullPath)
}
})
}
)
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除此之外,vue-router 还提供了两个组件:
Vue.component('RouterView', View)
Vue.component('RouterLink', Link)
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vue-router 路由守卫
创建 router.js:
import Vue from 'vue'
import Route from 'vue-router'
import HelloWorld from './components/HelloWorld'
Vue.use(Route)
const routes = [
{ path: '/hello-world', component: HelloWorld }
]
const router = new Route({
routes
})
export default router
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在 main.js 中引用 router,并加入 vue 实例:
import router from './router'
new Vue({
render: h => h(App),
router
}).$mount('#app')
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全局守卫
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
console.log('beforeEach', to, from)
next()
})
router.beforeResolve((to, from, next) => {
console.log('beforeResolve', to, from)
next()
})
router.afterEach((to, from) => {
console.log('afterEach', to, from)
})
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局部守卫
beforeRouteEnter (to, from, next) {
// 不能获取组件实例 `this`
console.log('beforeRouteEnter', to, from)
next()
},
beforeRouteUpdate (to, from, next) {
console.log('beforeRouteUpdate', to, from)
next()
},
beforeRouteLeave (to, from, next) {
console.log('beforeRouteLeave', to, from)
next()
}
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路由元信息
通过 meta 定义路由元信息
const routes = [
{ path: '/a', component: A, meta: { title: 'Custom Title A' } }
]
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使用 meta 信息动态修改标题
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
console.log('beforeEach', to, from)
if (to.meta && to.meta.title) {
document.title = to.meta.title
} else {
document.title = 'default title'
}
next()
})
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路由 API
使用 router.addRoutes 动态添加路由
addRoute() {
this.$router.addRoutes([{
path: '/b', component: B, meta: { title: 'Custom Title B' },
}])
}
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此时可以访问到 B 组件
<router-link to='/b'>to B</router-link>
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